Energy dissipation of large-amplitude internal waves in the South China Sea
by Louis St. Laurent
FSU


Data collected during recent field deployments in the South China Sea has been preliminarily analyzed, and reveals previously undocumented turbulence and dissipative properties of the large-amplitude internal waves generated in the Luzon passage. As previously documented in many studies, these waves propagate westward toward the continental shelves of China and Vietnam. In deep water, these waves are soliton-like depression anomalies in the thermocline, with vertical displacement amplitudes of order 100 m. The waves propagate with a coherent structure across most of the basin, breaking into trains of depression waves only after considerable shoaling, typically shoreward of the shelf break. However, our microstructure surveys found that turbulent kinetic energy dissipation rates were enhanced throughout the continental slope region, extending from the 1000-m isobath to the shelf break. Surprisingly, dissipation levels occurring in relatively deep water on the continental slope were larger than those on the continental shelf. This is in contrast to coastal regions, such as the New Jersey shelf and Massachusetts Bay, where nonlinear waves are typically most dissipative in the shallow waters of the coastal zone. Our measurements suggest that the first-order closure of the energy budget for Luzon generated waves occurs primarily in water deeper than 100 m.